Agren, G.I., R.E. McMurtrie, W.J. Parton, J. Pastor, and H.H.
Shugart. 1991. State-of-the-art of models of production-decomposition
in conifer and grassland ecosystems. Ecological Applications 1:118-138.

Aiosa, Jennifer. 1996. Dissolved Organic Carbon Quality Controls on the
Contribuion of the Microbial Food Web to Higher Trophic Levels. M.S.
thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA pp. Notes: submitted
by lblum, Mon Mar 31 08:25:33 EST 1997 ::

Anderson, I. C., Tobias, C. R., Neikirk, B. B., Wetzel, R. L. 1997.
Development of a Process-based Nitrogen Mass Balance Model for a
Virginia Spartina alterniflora Salt Marsh: Implications for Net DIN
Flux. Marine Ecology Progress Series 159:13-27. Keywords:Salt marsh,
mineralization, immobilization, nitrogen cycling,
nitrification/denitrification, DIN Flux:: Abstract: Primary production
is nitrogen limited in most salt marshes with the possible exception of
those impacted by high anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen. It is
hypothesized that mature salt marshes which receive only small inputs of
"new" nitrogen from the atmosphere, surface water runoff, groundwater,
tidal creek, and nitrogen-fixation will have a conservative nitrogen
cycle. We have developed a process-based N mass balance model for a
short form Spartina alterniflora marsh in Virginia. Data for the model
included rates of gross mineralization, nitrification, denitrification,
nitrogen fixation, above- and below-ground macrophyte production, and
benthic microalgal production. The annual balance between sources
(mineralization, nitrogen fixation, tidal creek flux, atmospheric
deposition, and sediment input) and sinks (above- and below-ground
macrophyte uptake, sediment microalgal uptake, sediment burial,
microbial immobilization, denitrification, and nitrification) of
dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was determined for both interior S.
alterniflora -vegetated sites and unvegetated creek bank sites.
Sediment/water exchanges of DIN species, predicted by results of the
mass balance analysis, were compared to measured exchanges. Annually
sources and sinks of DIN in the vegetated marsh were in close balance.
The vegetated marsh imported DIN from the adjacent creek during most of
the year\; the unvegetated creek bank exported NH4+ to overlying tidal
water during July and imported NH4+ during other seasons. The net flux
of DIN was 5.7 gN m-2 y-1 from overlying water into the marsh\; however,
this flux was small relative to rates of internal N-cycling processes.
The sediment NH4+ pool turned over rapidly as a result of the high rate
of gross mineralization (84 gN m-2 y-1). Other microbial N-cycling rates
were low (0.6 - 4 gN m-2 y-1). The NH4+ supplied by mineralization was
more than sufficient to support both macrophyte (33 gN m-2 y-1) and
benthic microalgal (5 gN m-2 y-1) uptake. We propose that in order to
maintain steady state in the system approximately half of the DIN
mineralized is immobilized into a readily remineralizable particulate
organic N pool. Since mineralization and macrophyte uptake are
temporally out of phase the labile organic N pool may serve to
temporarily sequester NH4+ until it is required for plant uptake. ::
Notes: submitted by ianderson, Tue Jul 21 23:27:29 EDT 1998 ::

Bailey, N., Kochel, R.C., and Carlson, C.R., . 1998. Barrier Island
Landform and Vegetation Response to Coastal Process Variables on the
Virginia Coast Reserve. Geological Society of America Abstracts with
Programs 30, n.4:2. Keywords:barrier island geomorphology, pimples,
hydrology, overwash, vegetation :: Notes: submitted by ckochel, Mon Jun
29 10:21:55 EDT 1998 ::

Bailey, N., Kochel, R.C., and Carlson, C.R., . 1998. Barrier Island
Landform and Vegetation Response to Coastal Process Variables on the
Virginia Coast Reserve. Geological Society of America Abstracts with
Programs 30, n.4:2. Keywords:barrier island geomorphology, pimples,
hydrology, overwash, vegetation :: Notes: submitted by ckochel, Mon Jun
29 10:21:55 EDT 1998 ::

Bailey, Nicole. 1998. Hydrogeomorphic Control of Landforms and
Vegetation on Southern Parramore Island, Virginia Coast Reserve.
Bucknell University, Department of Geology, Honors Thesis, 160pp. pp.
1-160. Keywords:pimples, washover fans, hydrogeomorphology, groundwater,
vegetation:: Notes: submitted by ckochel, Mon Jun 29 10:18:28 EDT 1998
::

Barimo, J.F. 1998. Zonation patterns in Orthoptera (Acrididae)
distribution and plant-herbivore interactions in relation to primary
succession on a Virginia barrier island. MS thesis. Virginia
Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA. pp. Notes: submitted by dyoung,
Fri Jul 10 15:08:04 EDT 1998 ::

Barimo, J.F. and D.R. Young. in review. Insect-plant-environmental
interactions in relation to primary succession in a coastal ecosystem.
Oikos Notes= submitted by dyoung@saturn.vcu.edu, Tue Jul 27 14:03:30 EDT
1999 End_notes

Barr, L.1989. Sedimentation and Fallout Cesium-137 Cycling in a
Virginia Salt Marsh. MS Thesis. University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Berntsen, J. P. 1995. Hydrogeomorphic and Vegetation
Relatiionships on Low Profile Barrier Islands, Virginia Coast
Reserve. Senior Thesis, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA

Berntsen, J., and Kochel, R.C., 1995, Hydrogeomorphic and
vegetative relationships on low profile barrier islands, Virginia
Coast Reserve: Geological Society of America, Abs. w. Prog.
27(1):29.

Bledsoe, C.S., T.J. Fahey, R. Ruess, and F.P. Day. in press. Measurement
of static root parameters - biomass, length, distribution. In G.P.
Robertson, C.S. Bledsoe, D.C. Coleman, and P. Sollins. Standard Soil
Methods for Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, New
York. Notes: submitted by fday, Tue Jun 16 08:57:09 EDT 1998 ::

Blum, L.K. 1993. Spartina alterniflora root dynamics in a Virginia
marsh. Marine Ecol. Prog. Series.102:169-178.

Blum, L.K., A.L. Mills. 1991. Microbial Growth and Activity During the
Initial Stages of Seagrass Decomposition. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.
70:73-83.

Bonan, G. 1988. Environmental Processes and Vegetation Patterns in
Boreal Forests. PH.D Thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
Va.

Bonan, G.B., B.P. Hayden. 1990a. Forest Vegetation Structure on the
Eastern Shore of Virginia circa18,000 years B.P. Va. J. Sci.
41:4A:307-320.

Bonan, G.B., B.P. Hayden. 1990b. Using a Forest Stand Simulation Model
to Examine the Ecological and Climatic Significance of the
Late-Quarternary Pine-Spruce Pollen Zone in Eastern Virginia, U.S.A.
Quarternary Res. 33:204-218.

Brinson, M. M., and R. R. Christian.  1999.  Stability and response of Juncus 
roemerianus patches in a salt marsh.  Wetlands. 19: 65-70.

Brinson, M.M. 1999. Endangered forests. Wetlands (book review)
19:807-809. Keywords=Forested Wetlands End_keywords Notes= submitted by
brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed Jul 28 13:15:28 EDT 1999 End_notes

Brinson, M.M. and J. Verhoeven. 1999.  Riparian forests.  Pages 265-200 in
M.L. Hunter  (editor) Maintaining Biodiversity in Forested Ecosystems.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. Keywords=riparian ecosystems, forested
wetlands End_keywords Notes= submitted by brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed Jul
28 13:27:59 EDT 1999 End_notes

Brinson, M.M. and J. Verhoeven. 1999. Maintaining Biodiversity in
Forested Ecosystems. Pages 265 in M.L. Hunter . Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, England. Keywords=riparian ecosystems, forested
wetlands End_keywords Notes= submitted by brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed Jul
28 13:27:59 EDT 1999 End_notes

Brinson, M.M. and R. D. Rheinhardt. 1999. Wetland functions and
relations to societal values. Pages 29 in M. G. Messina and W. H.
Conner. Southern Forested Wetlands: Ecology and Management. Lewis
Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida. Keywords=Forested wetlands, functions,
values End_keywords Notes= submitted by brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed Jul
28 13:20:04 EDT 1999 End_notes

Brinson, M.M. and R.R. Christian. 1999. Stability of Juncus roemerianus
patches in a salt marsh. Wetlands 19:171-191. Keywords=Wetlands, salt
marshes, vegetation, wrack End_keywords Notes= submitted by
brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed Jul 28 13:12:45 EDT 1999 End_notes

Brinson, M.M. and R.Rheinhardt. 1996. The role of reference wetlands in
functional assessment and mitigation. Ecological Applications 6:69-76.
Keywords:assessment, compensatory mitigation, creation, functioning,
hydrogeomorphic classification of wetlands, reference standards,
reference wetlands, restoration, wetland:: Notes: submitted by mbrinson,
Fri May 2 15:06:22 EDT 1997 ::

Brinson, M.M., R.D. Smith, D.F. Whigham, L.C. Lee, R.D. Rheinhardt, and
W.L. Nutter. 1998. Progress in development of the hydrogeomorphic
approach for assessing the functioning of wetlands. Pages 383 in A. J.
McComb and J. A. Davis. Wetlands for the Future. Gleneagles Publishing,
Adelaide, Australia. Keywords=wetland functional assessment End_keywords
Notes= submitted by brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed Jul 28 13:23:58 EDT 1999
End_notes

Brinson, M.M., R.R. Christian, and L.K. Blum. 1995. Multiple states in
the sea-level induced transition from upland to estuary.
Estuaries 18(4):648-659.

Brinson, M.M., W. Kruczynski, L.C. Lee, W. L. Nutter, R.D. Smith
and D.F. Whigham. 1994. Developing an approach for assessing the
functions of wetlands. Pages 615-624 in W. J. Mitsch (ed.) Global
Wetlands: Old World and New. Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam.

Bulger, A., B.P. Hayden, M.A. Monaco and J. McCormick-Ray 1993.
Biologically-based estuarine salinity zones derived from a
multivariate analysis. Estuaries. 16(2):311-322.

Callaghan, A. V. 1999. Factors controlling the distribution of nitrate
in a shallow coastal plain aquifer on Virginia's Eastern Shore. M.S. Thesis
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

Cannon, Takisha A. 1998. A comparison of microbial food webs in tidal
marsh creeks of Northhampton County, Virginia. Masters Thesis,
University of Virginia pp. 122 Keywords:bacterial dynamics,
phytoplankton:: Notes: submitted by lblum, Tue Jun 16 14:31:16 EDT 1998
::

Cannon, Takisha A. 1998. A comparison of microbial food webs in tidal marsh 
creeks of Northhampton County, Virginia. Masters Thesis, University of Virginia pp. 122
Keywords:bacterial dynamics, phytoplankton:: Notes: submitted by lblum,
Tue Jun 16 14:31:16 EDT 1998 ::

Carter, G.A. and D.R. Young 1993. Foliar spectral reflectance and
plant stress on a barrier island. International Journal of Plant Sciences 154:298-305 

Carter, G.A. and D.R. Young. 1995. Foliar spectral relfectance and plant 
stress on a barrier island. International Journal of Plant Science 
154:298-305. Notes= submitted by dyoung@felix.vcu.edu, 
Wed Nov 29 15:48:36 EST 1995 End_notes

Chambers, R. 1990. Nitrogen and Phosphorous Dynamics in Tidal
Freshwater Marshes. Ph.D Thesis. Univeristy of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Chambers, R. 1992. A fluctuating water-level chamber for
biogeochemical experiments in tidal marshes. Estuaries 15:53-58.

Chambers, R., W.E. Odum. 1990. Porewater oxidation, dissloved
phosphate and the iron curtain: Iron-phosphorous relations in tidal
freshwater marshes. Biogeochem. 10:37-52.

Chambers, R.M., J.W. Harvey and W.E. Odum 1992. Ammonium and phosphate
dynamics in a Virginia salt marsh. Estuaries 15(3):349-359.

Christian, R. R. and D. G. Capone. 1996. Overview of issues in aquatic
microbial ecology. Pages 245-251 in C.J. Hurst, G. R. Knudsen, M. J.
McInerney, L. D. Stetzenbach, M. V. Walter. Manual of Environmental
Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington, DC. Keywords:microbial ecology::
Notes: submitted by rchristian, Wed May 14 09:12:19 EDT 1997 ::

Christian, R. R., C. French, J. Gosz, and R. Waide.  (In press) Perspectives on international
long term ecological research.  Proceedings of the VII International Congress of Ecology.
Florence, Italy July 1998. 

Christian, R. R., E. Fores, F. Comin, P. Viaroli, M. Naldi and I.
Ferrari. 1996. Nitrogen cycling networks of coastal ecosystems:
influence of trophic status and primary producer form. Ecological
Modelling 87:111-129. Keywords:network analysis, nitrogen cycling,
macrophytes, eutrophication:: Notes: submitted by rchristian, Wed May 14
09:54:50 EDT 1997 ::

Christian, R. R., L. Stasavich, C. Thomas, and M. M. Brinson.  (In press)  Reference is a 
moving target in sea-level controlled wetlands.  In M. P. Weinstein (ed.). Concepts 
and Controversies in Tidal Marsh Ecology.  Kluwer Press.  The Netherlands. 

Christian, R. R., L. Stasavich, C. Thomas, and M. M. Brinson. in review.
Reference is a moving target in sea-level controlled wetlands. In M. P.
Weinstein and D. A. Kreeger. Proceedings of "Concepts and Controversies
in Tidal Marsh Ecology. Kluwer, Dordecht,The Netherlands.
Keywords:restoration, ecosystem state change:: Notes: submitted by
rchristian, Tue Jun 30 13:28:10 EDT 1998 ::

Christian, R. R., M. Naldi, P. Viaroli. 1998. Construction and analysis
of static, structured models of nitrogen cycling in coastal ecosystems.
Mathematical Modeling in Microbial Ecology. Chapman Hall, New York
:162-195. Keywords:network analysis:: Notes: submitted by rchristian,
Tue Jun 30 13:19:59 EDT 1998 ::

Christian, R. R., and B. P. Hayden. 1995. Long-term ecological research
in the United States, an international initiative and implications for
Italy. Bollettino della Societa italiana di Ecologia 16:60-63.
Keywords:ILTER, Italy:: Notes: submitted by rchristian, Wed May 14
09:15:39 EDT 1997 ::

Christiansen, T. 1998. Sediment Deposition on a Tidal Salt Marsh.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA pp. 134.
Keywords:sedimentation, flow, suspended sediment, deposition, low
marsh:: Abstract:The physical processes that control mineral sediment
deposition on a mesotidal salt marsh surface on the Atlantic Coast of
Virginia have been characterized through a series of measurements of
sediment concentration, flow velocity, water surface elevation and local
rates of deposition on the marsh surface. Flow and sediment transport
have been characterized both temporally and spatially as a function of
distance from the bordering tidal creek. Measurements were made at tidal
conditions ranging from tides barely flooding the marsh surface to
spring tides and storm surges.  Flow velocities on the marsh surface are
extremely low (\< 1cm/s) during all tidal conditions measured. Flow
direction on the marsh surface is perpendicular to the flow in the main
tidal channel, flowing onto the marsh surface on the rising tide and off
the marsh surface on the falling tide. The marsh surface vegetation,
{\it Spartina alterniflora}, has a significant dampening effect on the
turbulence of the flow, promoting deposition of suspended particles.
Shear stresses within the {\it Spartina alterniflora} canopy are
insufficient to mobilize sediment from the marsh surface.  Sediment
concentrations at the marsh edge are higher on the rising tide than on
the falling tide, and combined with a flow directed from the tidal creek
towards the marsh interior or during a tidal cycle, this pattern
indicates sediment deposition on the rising tide. Sediment
concentrations at the edge of the marsh increase with increased tidal
amplitude, whereas in the marsh interior sediment concentration remained
low regardless of tidal amplitude. The concentration gradient between
creek bank and marsh interior indicates that more sediment is deposited
on the creek bank as tidal amplitude increases. Correlation of high
sediment transport events with meteorological conditions indicate that
all high transport events are associated with strong northeasterly
winds. Based on these measurements, it is estimated that 27% of sediment
deposited on the marsh surface is contributed by storms\; the rest is
deposited during normal high spring tides. :: Notes: submitted by
pwiberg, Wed Jul 8 11:46:35 EDT 1998 ::

Clark, C.J. 1993. Comparison of storm characteristics and their
relation to barrier island overwash, Eastern shore of
Virginia.Undergraduate thesis. Bucknell University Lewisberg, Pa.

Cohn, M. 1993. The relative role of geomorphic processes in the storm
recovery of washover sites on the Virginia barrier
islands.Undergraduate thesis. Bucknell University, Lewisberg, Pa.

Conn, C.E. and F.P. Day 1993. Belowground biomass patterns on a
coastal barrier island in Virginia. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 120:
121-127.

Conn, C.E. and F.P. Day 1993. Environmental influences on belowground
decomposition rates along a barrier island chronosequence. Bull. Ecol.
Soc. Amer. 74(2):198.

Conn, C.E. and F.P. Day. 1996. Response of root and cotton strip decay
to nitrogen amendment along a barrier island dune chronosequence.
Canadian Journal of Botany 74:276-284. Notes: submitted by fday, Mon Apr
14 08:13:34 EDT 1997 ::

Conn, C.E. and F.P. Day. 1997. Root decomposition across a barrier
island chronosequence: litter quality and environmental controls. Plant
and Soil 195:351-364. Notes: submitted by fday, Tue Jun 16 08:53:19 EDT
1998 ::

Crawford, E.R. and D.R. Young. 1998. Gap dynamics within shrub thickets
on an Atlantic Coast barrier island. Ameican Midland Naturalist
140:68-77. Notes= submitted by dyoung@saturn.vcu.edu, Tue Jul 27
13:55:54 EDT 1999 End_notes

Crawford, E.R. and D.R. Young. 1998. Spatial/temporal variations in
shrub thicket soil seed banks on an Atlantic Coast barrier island.
Ameican Journal of Botany 85:1739-1744. Notes= submitted by
dyoung@saturn.vcu.edu, Tue Jul 27 13:57:54 EDT 1999 End_notes

Crawford, E.R. and D.R. Young. in press. Comparison of gaps and intact
shrub thickets on an Atlantic Coast barrier island. American Midland
Naturalist Keywords:gaps, succession, shrub thickets, barrier islands,
microenvironment, species diversity:: Notes: submitted by dyoung, Thu
Jun 5 10:07:46 EDT 1997 ::

Culver, S.J., Woo, H.J., Oertel, G.F., and Buzas, M.A. 1996.
Foraminifera of coastal depositional environents, Virginia, USA:
Distribution and Taphonomy. Palios 11:459-486. Keywords:coastal,
foraminifera:: Notes: submitted by goertel, Wed Jun 11 12:32:29 EDT 1997
::

Davis, R. E., B. P. Hayden, D. A. Gay, W. L. Phillips, and G. V. Jones.
1997. The North Atlantic Subtropical anticyclone. Journal of Climatology
10:728-744. Keywords:Anticyclone, high pressure cell, climate change::
Notes: submitted by bhayden, Fri May 30 15:04:49 EDT 1997 ::

Davis, R. and R. Dolan 1992. The "All Hallows' Eve Storm."
October, 1991. J. Coastal Research. 8:987-983.

Davis, R.E., B.P. Hayden, and G.V. Jones (1995). Climatic Change
in the North Atlantic Subtropical Anticyclone and Northwestern
Atlantic Sea-surface Temperatures. Proceedings of the Ninth
Conference on Applied Climatology of the American Meteorological
Society, 352-355.

Day, F.P. 1995. Environmental influences on belowground decomposition on
a coastal barrier island determined by cotton strip assay. Pedobiologia
39:289-303. Notes= submitted by fday@odu.edu, Tue Jul 20 10:02:18 EDT
1999 End_notes

Day, F.P. 1996. Effects of nitrogen availability on plant biomass along
a barrier island dune chronosequence. Castanea 61:369-381. Notes:
submitted by fday, Mon Apr 14 08:33:42 EDT 1997 ::

Day, F.P.1993. Plant response to nitrogen fertilization on a barrier
island dune chronosequence. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer. 74(2):210.

DeKimpe, N.M., R. Dolan, B.P. Hayden. 1991. Predicted Dune Recession
on the Outer Banks of North Carolina, U.S.A. J. Coastal Res.
7:451-463.

Dilustro, J.J. and F.P. Day. 1997. Aboveground biomass and net primary
production along a Virginia barrier island chronosequence. Amer. Mid.
Nat. 137:27-38. Notes: submitted by fday, Tue Jun 16 08:51:25 EDT 1998
::

Dobson, R. W. 1997. Sulfate sorption in a shallow sandy aquifer. M.S. Thesis,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

Dolan, R., B. Hayden, K. Bosserman, L. Lisle. 1987. Frequency and
Magnitude Data on Coastal Storms. J. Coastal Res. 3:245-247.

Dolan, R., D.L. Inman, B. Hayden. 1990a. The Atlantic Coast Storm of
March 1989. J. Coastal Res. 6:721-725.

Dolan, R., H. Lins, B. Hayden. 1988. Mid-Atlantic Coastal Storms.
J. Coastal Res. 4:417-433.

Dolan, R., S. Trossbach, M. Buckley. 1990b. New Shoreline Erosion
Data for the Mid-Atlantic Coast. J. Coastal Res. 6:471-477.

Dueser, R.D. 1990. Biota of the Virginia Barrier Islands: Symposium
Introduction. Va. J. Sci. 41:4A:257-258.

Dueser, R.D., J.H. Porter, J.L. Dooley, Jr. 1989. Direct Tests for
Competition in North American Rodent Communities : Synthesis and
Prognosis, p. 105-125. In D.W. Morris, Z. Abramsky, B.J. Fox, M.R.
Willig (eds.). Symposium on Patterns in the Structure of Mammalian
Communities. Special Publication of the Museum #28. Texas Tech
University, Lubbock, Texas.

Dueser, R.D., K. Terwillinger. 1988. Status of the Delmarva Fox
Squirrel in Virginia. VA. J. Sci. 38:380-388.

Elliott, M.T. 1997. Influences of tidal litter (wrack) and
microtopography on strand species and on community composition. MS
thesis. Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA pp. Notes:
submitted by dyoung, Fri Jul 10 15:05:47 EDT 1998 ::

Elliott, M.T. and D.R. Young. in review. Influence of tidal wrack and
microtopography on strand species and on community composition. Canadian
Journal of Botany Notes= submitted by dyoung@saturn.vcu.edu, Tue Jul 27
14:02:26 EDT 1999 End_notes

Emanuel, W.R., I.C. Prentice, T.M. Smith, H.H. Shugart, A.M. Soloman.
1989. Models for Analysis of Vegetation Responses to Global
Environmental Change, p. 251-260. In R.D. Noble, J.L. Martin, K.F.
Jensen (eds.). Air Pollution Effects on Vegetation Including Forest
Ecosystems. Proceedings of the Second US-USSR Symposium, U.S.D.A.
For. Ser., N.E. For. Exp. Stat. Broomall, PA.

Erickson, D.L. and D.R. Young. 1995. Salinity response and the
potential for ocean dispersal of a barrier island strand
glycophyte, Strophostyles umbellata. Bulletin of the Torrey
Botanical Club, in press.

Erwin, R.M. 1996. Dependence of waterbirds and shorebirds on
shallow-water habitats in the mid-Atlantic coastal region: an ecological
profile and management recommendations. Estuaries 19:213-219. Notes:
submitted by rerwin, Tue Jun 10 15:19:00 EDT 1997 ::

Erwin, R.M., J. Haig, D. Stotts, J.S. Hatfield. 1996. Dispersal and
habitat use by post-fledging juvenile Snowy Egrets and Black-crowned
Night-Herons. Wilson Bulletin 108:342-356. Notes: submitted by rerwin,
Tue Jun 10 15:44:15 EDT 1997 ::

Erwin, R.M., J. Haig, D. Stotts, and J.S. Hatfield. 1996. Nest success,
growth, and survival of young Snowy Egrets and Black-crowned
Night-Herons in coastal Virginia. Auk 113:119-130. Notes: submitted by
rerwin, Tue Jun 10 15:23:09 EDT 1997 ::

Erwin, R.M., J.D. Nichols, T.B. Eyler, D.B. Stotts, and B.R. Truitt.
1998. Modeling colony site dynamics: a case study of Gull-billed Terns
in coastal Virginia. Auk 115:970-978. Keywords=colony site dynamics,
Gull-billed Terns, Sterna nilotica, metapopulation End_keywords Notes=
submitted by rme5g@virginia.edu, Fri Jul 30 13:31:34 EDT 1999 End_notes

Erwin, R.M., T.B. Eyler, D.B. Stotts, and J.S. Hatfield. 1999.
Aspects of chick growth in Gull-billed Terns in coastal Virginia.
Waterbirds 22:47-53. Keywords=barrier island,
growth of young, Gull-billed Tern, marsh shellpile, Sterna nilotica,
Virginia End_keywords Notes= submitted by rme5g@virginia.edu, Fri Jul 30
13:39:46 EDT 1999 End_notes

Erwin, R.M., T.B. Eyler, J.S. Hatfield, and S. McGary. 1998. Diets of
nestling Gull-billed Terns in coastal Virginia. Colonial Waterbirds
21:323-327. Keywords=diet, fiddler crabs, fish, Gull-billed Terns,
insects, Sterna nilotica, Virginia coast End_keywords Notes= submitted
by rme5g@virginia.edu, Fri Jul 30 13:35:42 EDT 1999 End_notes

Eyler, T.B., R.M. Erwin, D.B. Stotts, and J.S. Hatfield. 1999.
Aspects of hatching success and chick survival in Gull-billed Terns in
coastal Virginia. Waterbirds 22:54-59.
Keywords=chick survival, Gull-billed Tern, hatching success, Sterna
nilotica, Virginia End_keywords Notes= submitted by rme5g@virginia.edu,
Fri Jul 30 13:43:39 EDT 1999 End_notes

Fahey, T.J., C.S. Bledsoe, F.P. Day, and R. Ruess. in press. Root
production and demography. In G.P. Robertson, C.S. Bledsoe, D.C.
Coleman, and P. Sollins. Standard Soil Methods for Long-Term Ecological
Research. Oxford University Press, New York. Notes: submitted by fday,
Tue Jun 16 08:59:17 EDT 1998 ::

Fahrig, L. 1990. Determinants of Local Population Size in Patchy
 Habitats. Theoret. Population Biology. 34:194-213.

Fahrig, L. 1990. Interacting Effects of Disturbance and Dispersal on
Individual Selection and Population Stability. Comments on Theoret.
Biol.1:275-297.

Fahrig, L. 1991. Simulation Methods for Developing General
Landscape-level Hypotheses of Single Species Dynamics, p. 417-442. In
M.G. Turner and R.H. Gardner (eds.), Quantitative Methods in
Landscape Ecology. Ecological Studies 82, Springer-Verlag, N.Y.

Fahrig, L., B. Hayden and R. Dolan 1993. Distribution of barrier
island plants in relation to overwash disturbance: A test of life
history theory. J. Coastal Research. 9(2):403-412.

Fahrig, L., D.P. Coffin, W.K. Lauenroth and H.H. Shugart. 1994. The
advantage of long-distance clonal spreading in highly disturbed
habitats. Evolutionary Ecology. In Press.

Fenster, M.S. and B.P. Hayden. in press. Ecotone displacement trends on
a highly dynamic barrier island: Hog Island, Virginia. Ecological
Applicatiions Notes: submitted by bhayden, Fri May 30 15:24:10 EDT 1997
::

Fenster, M.S. and R. Dolan. 1994. Large-scale reversals in shoreline 
trends along the U.S. mid-Atlantic coast. Geology 22:543-546.

Fenster, M.S. and R. Dolan. 1996. Assessing the impact of tidal inlets 
on adjacent barrier island shorelines. Journal of Coastal Research 12:294-310. 
Notes= submitted by msf7c@virginia.edu, Fri Mar 29 00:15:59 EST 1996 End_notes

Fetsko, M. 1990. A Water Balance Estimate at Brownsville, Virginia.
MS Thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Field, D.P. 1999. Shrub establishment on a Virginia barrier island:
spatial and temporal variations in arbuscular mycorrhizae. MS Thesis.
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA pp. Notes= submitted by
dyoung@saturn.vcu.edu, Tue Jul 27 14:07:44 EDT 1999 End_notes

Fitch, G.M. 1991. The Role of Overwash on Hog Island. MS Thesis.
Univeristy of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Forys, E. 1990. The Effect of Immigration on Island Colonization and
Population Persistence of Oryzomys palustrius on the Barrier islands
of Virginia. MS Thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Forys, E.A. and N.D. Moncrief. 1994. Gene flow among island populations 
of marsh rice rats (Oryzomys palustris). Virginia Journal of Science 45:3-11. 
Keywords=gene flow, genetic differentiation,Oryzomys palustris,rice rats 
End_keywords Notes= submitted by moncrief@amazon.evsc.virginia.edu, 
Tue Jan 30 10:39:18 EST 1996 End_notes

Forys, E.A. and R.D. Dueser 1993. Inter-island movements of rice rats
(Oryzomys palustris). American Midland Naturalist 130:408-412.

Foyle, A.M. 1994. Quaternary seismic stratigraphy of the inner
continental shelf, southern Delmarva Peninsula, Va. Ph.D. thesis. Old
Dominion University, Norfolk, Va.

Foyle, A.M. and G.F. Oertel 1994. Seismic stratigraphy and coastal
drainage in the Quaternary section of the southern Delmarva Peninsula,
VA, USA. Sedimentary Geology. In Press. ????

Foyle, A.M. and Oertel, G.F. 1997. Transgressive systems tract
development and incised valley fills within a Quaterbary Estuary-Shelf
System: Virginia Inner Shelf, USA. Journal of Marine Geology
137:227-249. Keywords:transgressive, Quaternary:: Notes: submitted by
goertel, Wed Jun 11 12:23:02 EDT 1997 ::

Frank, S.T. 1992. MACIS: The Mid-Atlantic Coastal Information System
and the Quantitative Analysis of Marine Processes and Coastal
Characteristics. MS thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
Va.

Franklin, J.F., H.H. Shugart, M.E. Harmon. 1987. Tree Death as an
Ecosystem Process. BioScience. 37:550-556.

Franklin, R.B., D.R. Taylor, and A.L. Mills. 1999. Characterization of
microbial communities using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD).
J. Microbial Meth. 3:225-235.

Franklin, R.B., D.R. Taylor, and A.L. Mills. In review. The influence of
chemical environment and spatial separation on the distribution of
microbial communities in anaerobic and aerobic zones of a shallow
coastal plain aquifer. Microb. Ecol.

Friend, A.D., H.H. Shugart and S.W. Running 1993. A physiology-based
model of forest dynamics. Ecology. 74:792-797.

Frye, J. 1989. Methane Movement in Peltandra virginica. MS Thesis.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Galloway, J.N. 1998. The global N cycle: changes and consequences.
Environmental Pollution, 102:15-26.

Garland, J., A.L. Mills. 1991. Classification and Characterization of
Heterotrophic Microbial Communities Based on Patterns of
Community-level Sole Carbon-source Utilization. Appl. Environ.
Microbiol. 57:2351-2359.

Halama, K. 1989. Of Mice and Habitats: Tests for Density-dependent
Habitat Selection. MS Thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
Va.

Halama, K.J. and R.D. Dueser. 1994. Of mice and habitats: Tests for 
density-dependent habitat selection. Oikos 69:107-114.

Harris, M.S. 1992. The Geomorphology of Hog Island, Virginia: A
Mid-Atlantic Coast Barrier. MS Thesis. University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Harvey, J. 1990. Hydrological Transport in Tidal Marsh Soils:
Controls on Solute Cycling at the Scale of Marshes, Plants, and Soil
Pores. PH.D. Thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Harvey, J., P. Germann, W.E. Odum. 1987. Geomorphological Control of
Subsurface Hydrology in the Creek Bank Zone of Tidal Marshes.
Estuarine, Coastal Shelf Sci. 25:677-691.

Harvey, J.W. 1993. Measurement of variation in soil solute tracer
concentration across a range of effective pore sizes. Water Resources
Res. 29(6):1831-1837.

Harvey, J.W., R.M. Chambers, W.E. Odum. 1988. Groundwater Transport
Between Hill Slopes and Tidal Marshes. Proceedings of the National
Wetlands Symposium: Wetlands Hydrology. J.A. Kusler (ed.), Assoc. of
State Wetland Managers, Berne, N.Y. pp. 270-277.

Harvey, J.W., W.E. Odum. 1990. The influence of tidal marshes on
upland groundwater discharge to estuaries. Biogeochemistry.
10:217-236.

Hayden, B. 1990. Climate Change and Ecosystem Dynamics at the Virginia
Coast Reserve 18,000 B. P. During the Last Century, p. 76-84. In
Climate Variability and Ecosystem Response. S.E. For. Exp. Stat. Gen.
Tech. Report SE-65.

Hayden, B. P. "Outsider" Overview of Biological Models. in
Integrated Regional Models: Interactions between humans and their
environment. by P. M. Groffman and G. E. Likens. 1994. Chapman
Hall, N. Y. pp. 13-34.

Hayden, B. P. 1994. Global biosphere data base requirements for GCMs. in
Environmental Information management and Analysis by W. K. Michner, J.
W. Brunt and S. G. Stafford Eds. 1994. Taylor and Francis, London. pp.
263-276.

Hayden, B. P. 1998. Regional Climate and the Distribution of Tallgrass
Prairie. Pages 19-34 in A. Knapp, J. Briggs, D. Hartnett, and S.Collins.
Grassland Dynamics: Long-Term Ecological Research in Tallgrass Prairie.
Oxford University Press. NY. Notes: submitted by bhayden, Mon Jul 6
16:24:34 EDT 1998 ::

Hayden, B. P. in press. Ecosystem feedbacks on climate at the landscape
scale. Philosophical Transactiions, Series B Keywords:Hydrocarbons,
dewpoint, ice nuclei, climate, Feedbacks:: Abstract:Vegetation controls
aspects climate at all scales. These controls operate through fluxes of
mass (water vapor, particulates, trace gases, condensation nuclei, and
ice nuclei) and energy (latent and sensible heat, radiative exchanges,
and momentum dissipation) between the biosphere and the atmosphere. The
role these fluxes play in controlling minimum and maximum temperature,
temperature range, rainfall, and precipitation processes are detailed.
On the hemispheric scale, the importance of evapotranspiration,
vegetation surface roughness, and vegetation albedo in the current
generation of atmospheric General Circulation Models (GCMs) is reviewed.
Finally, at the planetary scale, the global climate effects of biogenic
emissions that are well mixed throughout the troposphere are assessed.
It is shown that daily maximum and minimum temperatures are, in part,
controlled by the emission of non methane hydrocarbons and transpired
water vapor. In many regions, a substantial fraction of the rainfall
arises from upstream evapotranspiration rather than from oceanic
evaporation. Biosphere evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and albedo
are key controls in the general circulation of the atmosphere\; climate
models without adequate specifications of these biosphere attributes
fail. The biosphere modulates climate at all scales. :: Notes: submitted
by bhayden, Fri May 30 15:14:14 EDT 1997 ::

Hayden, B.P. and J.A.M. Hayden 1994. The Land Must Change to Stay
the Same. Virginia Explorer. Fall 1994. pp. 2-7

Hayden, B.P. in press. Climate Change and Extratropical Storm Climate Change: An Assessment. Water Resources Research Notes= submitted by jhp7e@virginia.edu, Wed Aug 18 11:57:17 EDT 1999 End_notes

Hayden, B.P. 1999. Extratroical Storms: Past, Present and Future. Pages 93-97 in D.B. Adams. Proceedings of the Speciality Conference on Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change to Water Resources of the United States. Notes= submitted by jhp7e@virginia.edu, Wed Aug 18 12:00:50 EDT 1999 End_notes

Christiansen, T., P.L. Wiberg and T.G. Milligan. in press. Flow and sediment transport on a salt marsh surface. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science Notes= submitted by pwiberg@mail.evsc.virginia.edu, Wed Aug 18 12:03:24 EDT 1999 End_notes

Hayden, B.P. in press. Climate, Climate Change and the Prairie. In
Knapp, A. and J. Briggs. Konza Synthesis Volume. Keywords:airmasses,
climate change, fronts, fauna and flora:: Abstract:The climate of the
North American grasslands varies at continental, regional and local
spatial scales and at millenial, century and contemporary temporal
scales. Contemporary climate and climate change are delineated using the
synoptic climatology of continental airmasses (1950-1962), cyclones
(1885-1993), and anticyclones (1899-1990), regional patterns cold and
warm fronts (1940-1970), and Kansas thunderstorms (1970-1985). The North
American Prairie Peninsula is examined relative to a genetic
classification of North American Climates. Correspondence between these
classified natural cliamtic complexes and the geographic patterns of
assemblages of flora and fauna illustrate the connections between
climate and prairie ecosystems. :: Notes: submitted by bhayden, Fri May
30 15:27:56 EDT 1997 ::

Knapp, E. P. 1997. The influence of redox conditions on sorption to
aquifer sediments: transport of reactive solutes in groundwater. Ph. D.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

Knapp, E. P., J.S. Herman, A.L. Mills, and G.M. Hornberger. In review.
Alteration of reactive mineral surfaces in anaerobic groundwater
systems. Appl. Geochem.

Hayden, B.P., R.D. Dueser, J.T. Callahan, H.H. Shugart. 1991.
Long-term Research at the Virginia Coast Reserve: Modeling a Highly
Dynamic Environment. Bioscience. 41:310-318.

Hayden, B.P., Santos, M.C.F.V., Shao, G., and Kochel, R.C. 1995.
Geomorphologicalk controls on coastal vegetation at the Virginia Coast
Reserve. Geomorphology 13:283-300. Keywords=geomorphology, vegetation,
groundwater, overwash, disturbance End_keywords Notes= submitted by
kochel@bucknell.edu, Wed Jul 14 13:42:43 EDT 1999 End_notes

Hayden, B.P.Climate Change Scenarios for the Tallgrass Prairie. Pp. (in
press) In Grassland Dynamics: Long-term Ecological Research in Tallgrass
Prairie.(A.K. Knapp, J.M. Briggs, D.C. Hartnett and S.L. Collins eds.),
Oxford University Press, New York. 1997. Regional Climate and the
Distribution of Tallgrass Prairie. Pages in A.K. Knapp, J.M. Briggs,
D.C. Hartnett and S.L. Collins eds. Research in Tallgrass Prairie.
Notes: submitted by bhayden, Fri May 30 15:57:35 EDT 1997 ::

Heitz, R.C. 1997. Suspended sediment transport in Phillips Creek Marsh:
Brownsville, Virginia. Distinguished Major Thesis, University of
Virginia, 1997 pp. 33. Notes: submitted by pwiberg, Tue May 27 16:52:50
EDT 1997 ::

Henshaw, D.L. , M. Stubbs and B.J. Benson, K. Baker, D. Blodgett and
J.H. Porter. 1998. Climate database project: a strategy for improving
information access across research sites. Pages 123-127 in W.S.
Michener, J.H. Porter and S. Stafford. Data and Information Management
in the Ecological Sciences: A Resource Guide. LTER Network Office,
Albuquerque, New Mexico . Keywords=climate, databases, information
End_keywords Abstract=To facilitate intersite research among the network
of Long-Term Ecological Research sites, information managers are
exploring strategies for linking individual site information systems. A
prototype to provide climatic summaries dynamically has been developed
and serves as one model for improving access to data across sites.
Individual sites maintain local climate data in local information
systems while a centralized site continually updates and provides access
to all sites' data through a common database. Common distribution report
formats have been established to meet specific needs of climate data
users. End_abstract Notes= submitted by jhp7e@virginia.edu, Fri Jun 11
11:41:28 EDT 1999 End_notes

Hmieleski, J. I. 1994. Position of the Brackish Marsh-Upland
Transition as a Function of Elevation and Slope at the Virginia Coast
Reserve, LTER. MS thesis. East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C.

Hoelscher, J.R., W.K. Nuttle and J.W. Harvey 1993. Comment on
"Calibration and use of pressure transducers in soil hydrology."
Hydrol. Proc.7:205-211.

Horn, H.S., H.H. Shugart, D.L. Urban.1989. Simulators as Models of
Forest Dynamics. p. 256-267. In J. Roughgarden, R.M. May, S.I. Levin
(eds.), Perspectives in Ecological Theory. Princeton University Press,
Princeton, N.J.

Hussey, B. 1989. Evapotranspiration from Vegetated Marsh Surfaces. MS
Thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Hussey, B. H. and W.E. Odum 1992. Evapotranspiration in tidal marshes.
Estuaries 15(1):59-67.

Inman, D.L., R. Dolan. 1989. The Outer Banks of North Carolina: Budget
of Sediment and Inlet Dynamics Along a Migrating Barrier System. J.
Coastal Res. 5:193-237.

Johnson, J.R. and D.R. Young. 1993. Factors contributing to the decline 
of Pinus taeda on a Virginia barrier island. Bulletin of the Torrey 
Botanical Club 120:431-438. Notes= submitted by dyoung@felix.vcu.edu, 
Wed Nov 29 15:28:42 EST 1995 End_notes

Johnson, S.R and D.R. Young 1992. Variation in tree ring width in
relation to storm activity for mid-Atlantic barrier island populations
of Pinus taeda. J. Coastal Research 8: 99-104.

Johnson, S.R. 1991. The Occurrence of State Rare Species on Hog Island
in the Virginia Coast Reserve. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 118:326-328.

Joy, D.A. 1996. Juniperus virginiana: nurse plant for woody seedlings on
a Virginia barrier island. Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond,
VA pp. Keywords:facilitation, Junierpus virginiana, eastern red cedar,
succession, barrier island:: Notes: submitted by dyoung, Thu Jun 5
10:14:46 EDT 1997 ::

Joy, D.A. and D.R. Young. in press. Promotion of mid-successional
seedling recruitment and establishment by Juniperus virginiana in a
coastal environment. Plant Ecology Notes= submitted by
dyoung@saturn.vcu.edu, Tue Jul 27 13:59:31 EDT 1999 End_notes

Kastler, J.A. 1993. Sedimentation and landscape evolution of Virginia
salt marshes. MS thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Kochel, R.C., L.A. Wampfler. 1989. Relative Role of Overwash and
Aeolian Processes on Washover Fans, Assateague Island,
Virginia-Maryland. J. Coastal Res. 5:453-475.

Kowalski, K.A. 1993. Influence of stratigraphy and bathymetry on
erosion rates, Virginia Barrier Islands.Undergraduate thesis. Bucknell
University, Lewisberg, PA.

Lagera, L. 1988. The Role of Macrophyte Decomposition in the Depletion
of Oxygen and Sequestering of Nutrients in the Lower Chesapeake Bay.
PH.D. Thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Lakshmi, B. and F.P. Day 1993. Nitrogen availability along a community
chronosequence on Hog Island, a VCR LTER site. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer.
74(2):321.

Lancaster, L. 1999. Relationship of physical chemical parameters to
patterns of sole carbon source utilization in ground water bacterial
communities. M.S. Thesis, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

Larson, B. 1990. Habitat Utilization, Population Dynamics and Long
Term Visiblity in an Insular Population of Delmarva Fox Squirrels
(Scirus nigercinereus). MS Thesis. University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Lauenroth, W.K., D.L. Urban, D.P. Coffin, W.J. Parton, H H. Shugart,
T.B. Kirchner and T.M. Smith. 1993. Modeling vegetation
structure-ecosystem process interactions across sites and biomes.
Ecological Modeling 67:49-80.

Loomis, Kindra E. 1999. Local geomorphological controls on hydrology, pore 
water chemistry, and Spartina alterniflora morphology in a Virginia barrier 
island salt marsh.    M.S. Thesis, University of Virginia. Charlottesville 
VA, 161 pp.

Loxterman, J.L. 1995. Allozymic variation in the marsh rice rat, 
_Oryzomys_ _palustris_, and the white-footed mouse, _Peromyscus_ _leucopus_, 
on the Virginia barrier islands and southern Delmarva Peninsula. M.S. thesis. 
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. pp. 68. 
Keywords=genetics, allozymes, marsh rice rats, white-footed mice, 
small mammals End_keywords Notes= 
submitted by moncrief@amazon.evsc.virginia.edu, Wed Feb 7 16:04:37 EST 1996 

Loxterman. J.L., N.D. Moncrief, R.D. Dueser, C.R. Carlson \& J.F.
Pagels. in press. Allozymic variation in sympatric, insular and mainland
populations of Oryzomys palustris and Peromyscus leucopus: the effects
of dispersal abilities on genetic population structure. Journal of
Mammalogy Keywords:Oryzomys, Peromyscus, gene flow, dispersal,
allozymes:: Notes: submitted by nmoncrief, Mon Jun 2 14:00:21 EDT 1997
::

Knapp, E. P. 1997. The influence of redox conditions on sorption to
aquifer sediments: transport of reactive solutes in groundwater. Ph.D
Dissertation.  University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

MacMillin, K., L.K. Blum and A.L. Mills 1992. Comparison of bacterial
dynamics in tidal creeks of the lower Delmarva Peninsula. Mar. Ecol.
Prog. Ser. 86:111-121.

MacMillin, K.M. 1993. Bacterial dynamics in tidal marsh creeks of the
Eastern Shore of Virginia. MS thesis. University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Martin, D.W. and D.R. Young. 1997. Small-scale distribution and salinity
response of Juniperus virginiana on an Atlantic Coast barrier island.
Canadian Journal of Botany 75:77-85. Keywords:barrier island, eastern
red cedar, Juniperus virginiana, salinity response water relations::
Notes: submitted by dyoung, Thu Jun 5 10:05:15 EDT 1997 ::

McCaffrey, C.A., R.D. Dueser. 1990. Plant Associations on the
Virginia Barrier Islands. Va. J. Sci. 41:4A:289-299.

McCaffrey, C.A., R.D. Dueser. 1990. Preliminary Vascular Flora for
the Virginia Barrier Islands. Va. J. Sci. 41:4A:259-281.

McIvor, C. 1987. Marsh Fish Community Structure: Roles of
Geomorphology and Salinity. PH.D. Thesis. University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Michener, W.K., E.R. Blood, K.L. Bildstein, M.M.Brinson, and L.R.
Gardner. 1997. Climate change, hurricanes and tropical storms, and
rising sea level in coastal wetlands. Ecological Applications 7:700-801.
Keywords:climate change, coastal wetlands in southeastern United States,
colonial waterbirds and hurricanes, comparative studeis, conceptual
models of, hurricanes, moisture continuum model, space-for-time
substitution, tropical storms:: Notes: submitted by mbrinson, Thu Jul 2
08:23:44 EDT 1998 ::

Michener, W.K., J.H. Porter, and S.G. Stafford. 1998. Data and
information management in the ecological sciences: a resource guide.
LTER Network Office, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. pp. 138
Keywords:data, databases, www:: Abstract:More than 100 individuals
attended a two-day workshop (August 8-9, 1997) entitled "Data and
Information Management in the Ecological Sciences" that was held at the
University of New Mexico in Albuquerque. Objectives of the workshop were
to: effect technology transfer, especially at biological field stations
and marine laboratories\; facilitate people networking\; communicate
training needs and opportunities\; identify future needs for data
management at field stations\; and produce hard copy and digital
versions of the proceedings. Workshop instructors provided comprehensive
overviews of the technological infrastructure for a data management
system (e.g., hardware, software, communications, and networking), data
entry, quality assurance, database management systems, metadata,
archival, the World Wide Web, and scientific visualization. Additional
roundtable discussions focused specifically on software for field
stations, challenges and opportunities at field stations, and
site-specific data management implementation.:: Notes: submitted by
jporter, Mon Jul 27 10:48:27 EDT 1998 ::

Mills, A.L., L.K. Blum, L.M. Lagera. 1990. Distribution of bacterial
abundance and activity in the Virginia Coastal Lagoon Complex. ASLO
Meetings, Williamsburg, Va. (Published Abstract).

Mills, A.L., and A. Callaghan. 1996. Biological removal of nitrate from
ground water in a shallow coastal plain aquifer. pp. 12. In , Flint, W.
(ed). Natural Resource Values and Vulnerabilities: The Second Virginia
Eastern Shore Natural Resources Symposium. The Eastern Shore Institute,
Exmore, VA. TESI Publication #4.

Moncrief, N.D. and R.D. Dueser. 1998. First record of a masked shrew
(_Sorex_ _cinereus_) on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Banisteria
12:40-41. Notes= submitted  by moncrief@wreck.evsc.virginia.edu, Wed Dec
29 15:22:22 EST 1999 End_notes

Moncrief, N.D., N.E. Cockett, A.D. Neff, W.L. Thomas \& R.D. Dueser.
1997. Polymorphic microsatellites in the meadow vole Microtus
pennsylvanicus:conservation of loci across species of rodents. Molecular
Ecology 6:299-301. Keywords:Microtus,meadow vole, microsatellite,
primers:: Notes: submitted by nmoncrief, Mon Jun 2 13:55:32 EDT 1997 ::

Monti, M. M. 1993. Distribution, abundance and productivity of
intertidal macroalgae on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. MS thesis.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Moorhead, K.K. and M.M. Brinson. 1995. Response of wetlands to
rising sea level in the lower coastal plain of North Carolina.
Ecological Applications 5:26:261-271.

Murray, L.A., and J.D. Albertson. 1998. Space-Time Variability of Soil
Moisture Along a Small Field Transect. Transactions of the American
Geophysical Union pp. 1998 Spring Meeting. Notes: submitted by
jalbertson, Mon Jul 20 12:00:44 EDT 1998 ::

Neikirk, B. B. 1996. Exchanges of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and
dissolved organic carbon between salt marsh sediments and overlying
tidal water. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William
and Mary pp. Keywords:DIN, DOC, Spartina alterniflora:: Notes: submitted
by ianderson, Mon Jun 9 19:27:03 EDT 1997 ::

Nuttle, W.K. and H.F. Hemond 1994. Salt marsh hydrology: implications
for biogeochemical fluxes to the atmosphere and estuaries. Global
Biogeochem. Cycles. In Press.

O'Brien, S., B.P. Hayden and H.H. Shugart 1992. Global climate change,
hurricanes and a tropical rain forest. Climate Change 22:175-190.

Odum, W.E. 1988. Comparative Ecology of Tidal Freshwater and Salt
Marshes. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Systematics 19:147-176.

Odum, W.E. 1988. Non-tidal Freshwater Wetland in Virginia. Va. J. Nat.
Res. Law 7:421-434.

Odum, W.E., B.P. Hayden. 1991. Virginia Coast Reserve, p. 158-165. In
Long-Term Ecological Research in the United States. LTER Publication
No. 11. Network Office, Seattle, Wa.

Odum, W.E., J.W. Harvey. 1988. Barrier Island Interdunal Freshwater
Wetlands. ASB Bulletin 35:149-155.

Odum,W.E., J.K. Hoover. 1987. A comparison of vascular plant
communities in tidal freshwater and salt water marshes, p. 526-534.
In D.D. Hook et al. (eds.), Ecology and management of wetlands.
London. Cromm Helm.

Oertel, G.F. 1992. Paleographic and Morphostratigraphic Studies at
the Barrier Island Long-Term Ecological Research Site. (Published
Abstract)

Oertel, G.F. 1994. Paleographic and morphostratigraphic studies at the
barrier island Long-Term Ecological Research site. In Press.

Oertel, G.F. and Foyle, A.M. 1995. Drainage displacement by sea-level
fluctuation at the outer margin of the Chesapeake Seaway. Journal of
Coastal Research 11:583-604. Keywords:sea level:: Notes: submitted by
goertel, Wed Jun 11 12:26:43 EDT 1997 ::

Oertel, G.F., Culver, S.J., and Woo, H.J. 1996. Benthic Foraminiferal
communities of a barrier-lagoon system, Virginia. Pages 98-100 in Flint,
R.W. Natural Resource Values and Vulnerabilities\; Proceedings the
second Virginia Eastern Shore Natural Resources Symposium. The Eastern
Shore Institute, Exmore, VA, . Keywords:lagoon, foraminifera:: Notes:
submitted by goertel, Wed Jun 11 12:17:43 EDT 1997 ::

Oertel, G.F., G.T.F. Wong, J.D. Conway. 1989. Sediment Accumulation
at a Fringe Marsh during Transgression, Oyster, Virginia. Estuaries
12:18-26.

Oertel, G.F., J.C. Kraft, M.S. Kearnery and H.J. Woo 1993. A rational
theory for barrier lagoon development. SEPM: Special Publication #48.
Quaternary Coasts of the United States: Marine and Lacustrine Systems.

Oertel, G.F., J.C. Ludwick, D.L.S. Oertel. 1989. Standardization of
the Volume-Change Element of Barrier Island Sediment Budget Analysis,
p. 43-61. In D. Stumble (ed.). Barrier Islands, Proceedings of the
Sixth Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management, ASCE.

Oertel, G.F., M.S. Kearney, S.J. Leatherman, H.J. Woo. 1989b. Anatomy
of a Barrier Platform: Outer Barrier Lagoon, Southern Delmarva
Peninsula, Virginia. Va. J. Mar. Geol. 88:303-318.

Oertel, G.F., Porter, J.H. and Richardson, D.L. 1996. The effects of
hypsometry on lagoon dynamics and ecosystems. Natural Resource Values
and Vulnerabilities. Proceedings Second Virginia Eastern Shore Natural
Resources Symposium. The Eastern Shore Institute, Exmore, VA pp. 55-57.
Keywords:lagoon, hypsometry:: Notes: submitted by goertel, Tue Jun 10
13:41:50 EDT 1997 ::

Oertel, G.F., and Kraft, J. C., 1994, New Jersey and Delmarva
barrier islands. In Davis, R.A. (editor) Geology of Barrier
Islands, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany. pp. 207-226.

Oertel, G.F., and Woo, H.J., 1994. Landscape classification and
terminology for marsh in deficit lagoons. Journal of Coastal
Research, 10:919-932.

Oertel, G.F., and Woo, H.J., Kearney, M.S., and Foyle, A.M.,
1994, Regressive to transgressive Quaternary deposits in a
Delmarva coastal lagoon, Hog Island Bay, Virginia. A.A.P.G.
Eastern Section Volume. Virginia Division of Mineral Resources
Publication 132. Charlottesville, Virginia. pp. 57-61.

Oertel, G.F., Overman, K. Allen, T. and Carlson, R.  (in press) Digital
procedure for hypsographic analysis of coastal lagoon environments ????

Oertel, G.F., (in Press) Coastal Lakes and Lagoons.  In M. Schwartz
(editor) Encyclopedia of Coastal Science.

Oertel, G.F., (in Press)  Lagoons. In: Companion to the Earth, Oxford
Press.

Olson, R.J., J.M. Briggs, J.H. Porter, G.R. Mah, S.G. Stafford. in
press. A Model for Assembling Data from Multiple Disciplines, Scales,
and Sites. Remote Sensing of the Environment. 

Osgood, D. 1991. Factors Controlling Production and Tissue Element
Composition in Naturally Developing Spartina alterniflora Barrier
Island Marshes. MS Thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Osgood, D. T. and M. C.F. V. Santos and J. C. Zieman 1995.
Sediment physico-chemistry associated with natural marsh
development on a storm-deposited sand flat. Marine Ecol. Progress
Ser. 120:271-283.

Osgood, D. and J.C. Zieman 1993. Spatial and temporal patterns of
substrate physicochemical parameters in different-aged barrier island
marshes. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Sci. 37:421-436.

Osgood, D.T. and J.C. Zieman. 1998. The influence of subsurface 
hydrology on nutrient supply and smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) 
production in a developing barrier island marsh.  Estuaries 21:767-783.

Oura, S. 1993. Clay mineralogy of suspended sediments of the Eastern
Shore marshes. Undergraduate thesis, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Porter, J.H. 1988. Mice in Motion: Dispersal in Two species of
Peromyscus. PH.D. Thesis. University of Virginia.

Porter, J.H. 1998. Providing information on the World-Wide Web. Pages 65-70 in
William K. Michener, John H. Porter, and Susan G. Stafford. Data and
information management in the ecological sciences: a resource guide.
LTER Network Office, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM.
Abstract:The capabilities provided by the World Wide Web (WWW) offer an
opportunity for ecological researchers to share information resources.
The hypertext markup language (HTML) is used to create documents for
display on the WWW. HTML documents can be created using various tools
from general text editors to more specialized programs. General
principles of WWW page design that can be applied to improve content and
usability include anticipating user needs and avoiding features that
unnecessarily increase needs for network bandwidth. Search and indexing
tools for WWW pages can be used to improve access to information. WWW
pages can also be used to solicit information from users via on-line
forms. Making HTML documents available on the WWW is accomplished by
placing them on a server, which may be locally administered or available
commercially. :: Notes: submitted by jporter, Mon Jul 27 10:52:43 EDT
1998 ::

Porter, J.H. 1998. Scientific databases for environmental research.
Pages 41-46 in William K. Michener, John H. Porter, and Susan G. Stafford.
Data and information management in the ecological sciences: a resource
guide. LTER Network Office, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM.
Abstract:The questions that scientists can answer are dependent upon the
databases available to them. Modern genome research would not be
possible without genome databases. Similarly, synthetic and integrative
environmental research will be dependent on the quantity and quality of
available databases. Examples of scientific databases include large
"deep" databases such as Genbank and PDB, "wide" databases such as the
National Geophysical Data Center and NASA Distributed Active Archive
Centers (DAACs), and project-oriented databases such as those at
Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites. There are advantages and
disadvantages for using database management systems that balance the
capabilities gained against the costs of maintenance. The World Wide Web
is a recommended interface for scientific databases. Such databases may
be constructed on both UNIX and Windows NT workstations. :: Notes:
submitted by jporter, Mon Jul 27 10:51:27 EDT 1998 ::

Porter, J.H. and J.L. Dooley, Jr. 1993. Animal dispersal patterns: a
reassessment of simple mathematical models. Ecology 74:2436-2443.

Porter, J.H. and J.T. Callahan. 1994. Circumventing a dilemma:
historical approaches to data sharing in ecological research. Pages
193-203 In W.K. Michener, S. Stafford and J.W. Brunt (eds.).
"Environmental Information Mangagement," Taylor and Francis, Bristol,
PA 

Porter, J.H., B.P. Hayden and D.L. Richardson. 1996. Data and
information management at the Virginia Coast Reserve Long-term
Ecological Research Site. Global networks for environmental information:
Proceedings of Eco-Informa \'96. 1996 November 4-7\; Buena Vista, FL.
Ann Arbor, MI, Environmental Research Institute of Michigan (ERIM)
11:731-736. Keywords:information management, data, software, WWW,
electronic mail, databases:: Notes: submitted by jporter, Fri Mar 21
11:18:52 EST 1997 ::

Porter, J.H., J. Kennedy. 1991. Computer Systems for Data Management.
In G. Lauf, J. Gorentz (eds.), A Report to the National Science
Foundation. 

Porter, J.H., R.D. Dueser. 1989. A Comparison of Methods for Measuring
Small Mammal Dispersal by Use of a Monte-Carlo Simulation Model. J.
Mammalogy 70:783-793.

Porter, J.H., R.D. Dueser. 1990. Selecting a Body-mass Criterion for
Measuring Dispersal. J. Mammology 71:470-473.

Porter, J.H., R.W. Nottrott, K. Baker. 1996. Tools for managing
ecological data. Pages 87-92 in . Global networks for environmental
information: Proceedings  of Eco-Informa \'96. 1996 November 4-7\; Buena
Vista, FL. Ann Arbor, MI, Environmental Research Institute of Michigan
(ERIM). Keywords:information management, database, statistical packages,
software:: Abstract:The Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Program is
set of 18 ecological  research sites and a Network Office funded by the
U.S. National Science  Foundation. From the inception of the program in
1980, the LTER program  has included a strong emphasis on data and
information management as a  crucial component of long-term research.
Each LTER site operates its own  data and information management system
and the LTERnet Network Support  System facilitates network-wide
electronic communication, data and  information exchange between sites.
At each LTER site there is a broad  range of data collected using both
high and low technology techniques.  The diversity of LTER sites
(varying from arctic tundra to tropical rain  forest), research
questions and data collected (varying in size from \<1  KB to \>300 MB)
demands a philosophy and structure which promotes  flexibility and
development of innovative solutions. Although some  software tools and
approaches are site-specific, a subset of tools,  ideas and solutions
evolve and propagate across sites depending upon  their robustness,
generality and cost. This presentation will focus on  software tools
which have become widely used within the LTER network.  These include
network information servers, geographical information  systems, database
and statistical packages and the myriad of smaller   tools which link
them together to work as an integrated whole. We will  also discuss
tools and approaches that we expect to become emergent  standards in the
future. \<p\> :: Notes: submitted by jporter, Fri Mar 21 11:10:58 EST
1997 ::

Rastetter, E.B. 1991. A Spatially Explicit Model of Vegetation-Habitat
Interactions on Barrier Islands, p. 353-378. In M.G. Turner, R.H.
Gardner (eds.), Quantitative Methods in Landscape Ecology. Ecological
Studies 82, Springer-Verlag, NY.

Rauch, S. 1989. Geomorphologial Indices for Salt Marsh Creek
Systems. Senior Thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Ray, G.C., B.P. Hayden, A. J. Bulger and M. G. McCormick-Ray 1992.
Effects of Global Warming on Biodiversity of Coastal-Marine Zones.
(pp. 91-104) In Peters, R. L. and T. E. Lovejoy (eds.) Global Warming
and Biological Diversity. Yale University Press, New Haven.

Ray, G.C., B.P. Hayden, M.G. McCormick-Ray and T.M. Smith. 1996.
Land-seascape diversity of the USA east-coast coastal zone with
particular reference to estuaries. Pages 337-371 in . Marine
Biodiversity. Keywords:Classification, biiogeography, communities,
estuaries:: Notes: submitted by bhayden, Fri May 30 15:22:35 EDT 1997 ::

Ray, G.C., B.P. Hayden. 1991. Coastal Zone Ecotones, p. 408-420. In
Hansen, A.J., et al. (eds.), Landscape Boundaries: Consequences for
Biotic Diversity and Ecological Flows. Springer-Verlag, NY.

Ray, M.W. 1989. Below Ground Decomposition and Production Dynamics in
a Virginia Salt Marsh. MS Thesis. University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Rebecca M. Tarnowski. 1997. Effects of dissolved oxygen concentrations
on nitrification in coastal waters. MS thesis. East Carolina University,
Greenville, NC pp. 134. Keywords:nitrification, hypoxia, saltmarsh pond,
Phillips Creek, Sacca di Goro:: Notes: submitted by rchristian, Wed May
14 09:07:14 EDT 1997 ::

Rheinhardt, R.D., M.C. Rheinhardt, M.M. Brinson, and K. Faser. 1998.
Forested wetlands of low order streams in the inner coastal plain of
North Carolina, USA. Wetlands 18:365-378. Keywords=Wetlands, forested,
reference wetlands, functional assessment End_keywords Notes= submitted
by brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed Jul 28 13:08:14 EDT 1999 End_notes

Rheinhardt, R.D., M.M. Brinson, and P.M. Farley. 1997. Applying wetland
reference data to functional assessment, mitigation, and restoration.
17:195-215. Keywords=Wetlands, forested, reference wetlands, functional
assessment End_keywords Notes= submitted by brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed
Jul 28 13:05:50 EDT 1999 End_notes

Rheinhardt, R.R., M.C. Rheinhardt, M.M. Brinson, and K.E. Faser, Jr. in
press. Application of reference data for assessing and restoring
headwater ecosystems. Restoration Ecology Keywords=Forested wetlands,
restoration, End_keywords Abstract=  End_abstract Notes= submitted by
brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed Jul 28 13:30:44 EDT 1999 End_notes

Ricker, L. 1999. Resistance to state change by coastal ecosystems under
conditions of rising sea level.  . East Carolina University, Greenville,
N.C  East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C  pp. 209. Keywords=Rising
sea level, ecosystem change, marsh migration End_keywords Abstract= 
End_abstract Notes= submitted by brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed Jul 28
13:38:37 EDT 1999 End_notes

Robinson S.E. 1993. Clay mineralogy and sediment texture of
environments in a barrier island - lagoon system. MS thesis.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Rozas, L. 1987. Nekton Community Structure and Interactions of
Submerged Plant Beds and Tidal Freshwater Marshes. MS Thesis.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.

Rozas, L.P., C.C. McIvor, W.E. Odum. 1988. Intertidal rivulets and
creekbanks: corridors between tidal creeks and marshes. Mar. Ecol.
Prog. Ser. 47:303-307.

Rozas, L.P., W.E. Odum. 1987. Fish and Macrocrustacean Use of
Submerged Plant Beds in Tidal Freshwater Marsh Creeks. Mar. Ecol.
Prog. Ser. 38:101-108.

Rozas, L.P., W.E. Odum. 1987. The role of submerged aquatic vegetation
in influencing the abundance of nekton on contiguous tidal freshwater
marshes. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 114:289-300.

Rozas, L.P., W.E. Odum. 1987. Use of Tidal Freshwater Marshes by
Fishes and Macrofaunal Crustaceans along a Marsh Stream-Order
Gradient. Estuaries 10:36-43.

Sande, E. and D.R. Young. 1992. Effect of sodium chloride on the growth 
and nitrogenase activity of Myrica cerifera seedlings. New Phytologist 
120:345-350. Notes= submitted by dyoung@felix.vcu.edu, 
Wed Nov 29 15:31:53 EST 1995 End_notes

Santos, M.C.F.V., J.C. Zieman and R.R.H. Cohen. in review. Interpreting
the upper min-littoral zonation patterns of Maranahao State mangals,
Northern Brazil, as a response to microtopography and local hydrology.
In B.J. Kjerfve. Mangroves of Brazil. Notes: submitted by jzieman, Wed
Jun 11 17:15:06 EDT 1997 ::

Santos, M.C.F.V., J.C. Zieman, and R.R.H. Cohen.  1997. Interpreting the 
upper mid-littoral zonation patterns of Maranhao state mangals, northern Brazil, 
as a response to microtopography and local hydrology. In: B.J. Kjerfve, L.D. 
de Lacerda and E. H. S. Diop, eds:  Mangrove Ecosystem Studies in Latin America 
and Africa. pp. 127-144.  UNESCO, Paris, publishers

Schneider, R.L., W.E. Odum. 1992. Barrier Island Interdunal Freshwater
Wetlands. J. Southeastern Biologists. 

Scott, D.E. and R.D. Dueser. 1992. Habitat use by insular populations
of Mus and Peromyscus: What is the role of competition? J. Animal
Ecology 61:329-338.

Seastedt, T. R., B. P. Hayden, C. E. Owensby and A. K. Knapp. 1998.
Climate change, elevated CO\<sub\>2\</sub\>, predictive modeling: past
and  future climate change scenarios for the tallgrass prairie. Pages
283-300 in A. Knapp, J. Briggs, D. Hartnett, and S. Collins. Grassland
Dynamics: Long-Term Ecological Research in Tallgrass Prairie. Oxford
University Press. NY. . Notes: submitted by bhayden, Mon Jul 6 16:29:26
EDT 1998 ::

Semones, S.W. and D.R. Young. 1995. VAM association in the shrub 
Myrica cerifera on a Virginia, USA barrier island. Mycorrhiza 5:423-429. 
Notes= submitted by dyoung@felix.vcu.edu, 
Wed Nov 29 15:35:23 EST 1995 End_notes

Shao, G. J.H. Porter and H.H. Shugart. 1993. Shrub thicket dynamics on
Hog Island, Virginia. [Computer Generated Maps] p. 48 in Arc/Info Maps
1992. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., Redlands
California.

Shao, G., D.R. Young, J.P. Porter and B.P. Hayden. 1998. An integration
of remote sensing and GIS to examine the response of shrub thicket
distributions to shoreline changes on Virginia barrier islands. Journal
of Coastal Research 14:299-307. Keywords:Virginia Coast Reserve, landscape
dynamics, modeling, spatial change:: Notes: submitted by dyoung, Fri Jul 10
14:37:26 EDT 1998 ::

Shao, G., H.H. Shugart and D.R. Young. 1995. Simulation of transpiration
sensitivity to environmental changes for shrub (Myrica cerifera)
thickets on a Virginia barrier island. Ecological Modelling. 78:
235-248.

Shao, G., H.H. Shugart, and B.P. Hayden. 1996. Functional classifications 
for coastal barrier island vegetation. Journal of Vegetation Science 7:391-396.

Shao, G., H.H. Shugart, and T.M. Smith. 1995. A role-type model
(ROPE) and its application in assessing the impacts of climate
change on forest landscape. Vegetatio 114(2).

Shao, G., S. Zhao and H.H. Shugart. 1995. Forest Dynamics
Modelling (in Chinese). China's Forestry Publication House.

Shao, G. and H.H. Shugart. 1997. A compatible growth-density stand model
derived  from a distance-dependent individual tree model. Forest Science
43:443-446. Notes = submitted by gs6t@virginia.edu, Fri Dec 17 15:53:39
EST 1999 End_notes

Shao, G. and P. Halpin. 1995. Climatic control of eastern North-American
coastal  tree and shrub distributions. Journal of Biogeography
22:1083-1089. Notes= submit ted by gs6t@virginia.edu, Fri Dec 17
15:56:26 EST 1999 End_notes

Shao, G. and D. Liu. 1999. A SSD Feature Extraction Method for
Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data. Pages 654 - 659 in G.Xu and Y. Chen.
Towards Digital Earth, pro ceedings of the International Symposium on
Digital Earth, held in Beijing, China, Nov. 29 - Dec. 2., 1999. Notes=
submitted by gs6t@virginia.edu, Fri Dec 17 16:02 :10 EST 1999 End_notes

Shugart, H. H. 1993b. Global Change. (pp. 2-21). In: A. M. Solomon and
H. H. Shugart (eds.) Vegetation Dynamics and Global Change. Chapman
and Hall, New York.

Shugart, H.H. 1988. The Role of Ecological Models in Long-Term
Ecological Studies. pp. 90-109. In G.E. Likens (ed.), Long-term
studies in Ecology. Springer-Verlag, NY.

Shugart, H.H. 1990. Modeling Future Changes of Vegetation Sucession,
p. 61-67. In Symposium on Global Change Systems, Amer. Meteorological
Soc., Boston, MA.

Shugart, H.H. 1990. Using Ecosystem Models to Assess Potential
Consequences of Global Climatic Change. Trends in Ecology and
Evolution 5:303-307.

Shugart, H.H. 1991. Concluding Comments, p. 465-469. In Shugart, H.H.,
R. Leemans, G.B. Bonan (eds.), A Systems Analysis of the Global
Boreal Forest. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Shugart, H.H. 1992. Concluding comments, In A.M. Solomon, H.H.
Shugart (eds.), Vegetation Dynamics and Global Change. Chapman and
Hall, N.Y.

Shugart, H.H. 1992. Global change. In A.M. Solomon, H.H. Shugart
(eds.), Vegetation Dynamics and Global Change. Chapman and Hall, N.Y.

Shugart, H.H. 1992. Patterns in space and time in boreal forests (pp.
192-195). In Shugart, H. H. R. Leemans and G. B. Bonan (eds.). A
Systems Analysis of Global Boreal Forest. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.

Shugart, H.H. 1993. Vegetation and Climate. In S.H. Schneider (ed.),
Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather. Simon and Schuster, New York.

Shugart, H.H. and A.M. Soloman. 1993. Concluding Comments (pp.
323-324). In A. M. Solomon and H.H. Shugart (eds.). Vegetation
Dynamics and Global Change. Chapman and Hall, New York.

Shugart, H.H. and I.C. Prentice. 1992. Individual tree-based models of
forest dynamics and their application in global change research (pp.
313-333). In Shugart, H. H., R. Leemans and G. B. Bonan (eds.) A
Systems Analysis of the Global Boreal Forest. Cambridge University
Press. Cambridge.

Shugart, H.H. and T.M. Smith. 1992. Modelling boreal forest dynamics
in response to environmental change. Unaslyva 43:30-38.

Shugart, H.H. and T.M. Smith. 1992. Using computer models to project
ecosystem response, habitat change, and wildlife diversity (pp.
147-157). In Peters, R.L. and T E. Lovejoy (eds.) Global Warming and
biological Diversity. Yale University Press, New Haven.

Shugart, H.H., D.L. Urban. 1988. Scale, Synthesis, and Ecosystem
Dynamics, p. 279-290. In L.R. Pomeroy, J.J. Alberts (eds.), Concepts
of Ecosystem Ecology, Springer-Verlag, NY.

Shugart, H.H., D.L. Urban. 1989. Factors Affecting the Relative
Abundances of Forest Tree Species, p. 249-274. In P.J. Grubb, J.B.
Whittaker (eds.), Toward a More Exact Ecology. Jubilee Symposium of
the British Ecological Society. Blackwell, Oxford.

Shugart, H.H., G.B. Bonan, D.L. Urban, W.K. Lauenroth, W.J. Parton,
G.M. Hornberger. 1989. Computer Models and Long Term Ecological
Research, p. 217-266. In W. Goerke (ed.), Long-term Ecological
Research: A Global Perspective. The German National Committee for the
UNESCO-Programme, "Man and the Biosphere" (MAB), Bonn, DDR.

Shugart, H.H., G.B. Bonan, D.L. Urban, W.K. Lauenroth, W.J. Parton,
G.M. Hornberger. 1991. p. 211-239. In P.R. Risser (ed.), Computer
Models and Long-term Ecological Research and Global Change. SCOPE.
John Wiley, London.

Shugart, H.H., G.B. Bonan, E.B. Rastetter. 1989. Niche theory and
community organization. Can. J. Bot. 66:2634-2639.

Shugart, H.H., Michaels, P.J., Smith, T.M., Weinstein, D.A.,
Rastetter, E.B. 1988. Simulation Models of Forest Succession, p.
125-151. In T. Rosswall, R.G. Woodmansee, P.G. Risser (eds.), Scales
and Global Changes: Spatial and Temporal Variability in Biospheric and
Geospheric Processes. John Wiley and Sons, London.

Shugart, H.H., R. Leemans and G.B. Bonan. 1992c. Concluding Comments.
(pp. 465-469). In Shugart, H.H., R. Leemans and G.B. Bonan (eds.). A
Systems Analysis of the Global Boreal Forest. Cambridge University
Press. Cambridge.

Shugart, H.H., T.M. Smith, W.M. Post 1992. The application of
individual-based simulation models for assessing the effects of global
change. Ann. Rev. Ecology Systematics 23:15-38.

Shugart, H.H., W.R. Emanuel, and G. Shao. 1996. Models of forest structure 
for conditions of climatic change. Commonwealth Forestry Review 75(1):51-64.

Shugart. H.H. 1987. Dynamic Ecosystem Consequences of Tree Birth and
Death Patterns. Bioscience 37:596-602.

Shugart. H.H. 1990. Ecological Models and the Ecotone, p. 23-36. In
R.J. Naiman, H. deChampes (eds.), Ecology and Management of Aquatic
Terrestrial Ecotones. Pantheon Publishing.

Shugart. H.H., R. Leemans and G.B. Bonan (eds.) 1992a. A Systems
Analysis of the Global Boreal Forest. Cambridge University Press.
Cambridge. 565 pp.

Shugart. H.H., R. Leemans and G.B. Bonan. 1992b. Introduction (pp.
1-8). In Shugart, H.H., R. Leemans and G.B. Bonan (eds.) A Systems
Analysis of the Global Boreal Forest. Cambridge University Press.
Cambridge.

Silliman, B.R.  1999.  Nitrogen vs Grazer control of Spartina
alterniflora growth: Implications for top-down control of community
structure. M.S. Thesis, University of Virginia, Advisor J. Zieman. 

Smith, T.M. and H.H. Shugart. 1993. Transient response of terrestrial
carbon storage to a perturbed climate. Nature 361:523-526.

Smith, T.M., H.H. Shugart, D.L. Urban, W.K. Lauenroth, D.P. Coffin,
T.B Kirchner. 1989. Modeling Vegetation Across Biomes:
Forest-Grassland Transition, p. 240-241. In E. Sjorgren (ed.), Jorests
of the World: Diversity and Dynamics, Svneska Vasgeografiska
Sallskapet. Uppsala, Sweden.

Smith, T.M., H.H. Shugart, F.I. Woodward and P.J. Burton 1992a. Plant
functional types. (p. 272-292). In A.M. Solomon, H.H. Shugart (eds.),
Vegetation Dynamics and Global Change. Chapman and Hall, New York.

Smith, T.M., H.H. Shugart, G.B. Bonan, J.B. Smith. 1992. Modeling the
potential response of vegetation to global climate change. Advances in
Ecological Research 22:93-116.

Smith, T.M., J.F. Weishampel, H.H. Shugart and B.B. Bonan 1992b. The
response of terrestrial C storage to climate change: Modeling C
dynamics at varying temporal and spatial scales (pp. 307-326). In J.
Wisniewski and A. E. Lugo, Natural Sinks of CO2, Kulwer Academic
Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

Snook, R.E. and F. P. Day. 1995. Community-level allometric
relationships among length, planar area and biomass of fine roots
on a coastal barrier island. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 122: 

Snow, D. 1990. Characterization of chemical, physical, and microbial
properties in a salt marsh creek over the course of a spring and a
neap tide cycle. Senior Thesis. University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Solomon, A.M. and H.H. Shugart 1993. Vegetation Dynamics and Global
Change. Chapman and Hall, NY. 338 pp.

Stasavich, L.E. 1998.  Quantitatively defining hydroperiod with
ecological significance to wetland functions. . East Carolina
University, Greenville, N.C  East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C 
pp. 68. Keywords=Wetland hydrology, hydroperiod, salt marsh End_keywords
Abstract=  End_abstract Notes= submitted by brinsonm@mail.ecu.edu, Wed
Jul 28 13:35:41 EDT 1999 End_notes

Stasavich, L.E. and J.I. Hmieleski 1993. Salinity changes in sediments
of a barrier island and mainland marsh following an extratropical
storm at the Virginia Coast Reserve/LTER. pp. 891-893. in M.C. Landin
(ed.). Wetlands: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of the
Society of Wetland Scientists, New Orleans, LA.

Stevenson, M. and F.P. Day 1993. Fine root production along a
chronosequence of barrier island communities. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer.
74(2):444.

Stevenson, M.J. and F.P. Day. 1996. Fine root biomass distribution and
production along a barrier island chronosequence. American Midland
Naturalist 135:205-217. Notes: submitted by fday, Mon Apr 14 08:10:20
EDT 1997 ::

Sullivan, H.J. 1998. Ant distribution patterns and the potential
dispersal of root endosymbionts in a strand environment. MS Thesis,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA pp. Notes: submitted by
dyoung, Fri Jul 10 15:04:01 EDT 1998 ::

Sullivan, H.J. 1998. Ant distribution patterns and the potential
dispersal of root endosymbionts in a strand environment. MS Thesis.
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA pp. Notes= submitted by
dyoung@saturn.vcu.edu, Tue Jul 27 14:06:00 EDT 1999 End_notes

Sullivan, H.J. 1998. Ant distribution patterns and the potential
dispersal of root endosymbionts in a strand environment. MS Thesis.
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA pp. Notes= submitted by
dyoung@saturn.vcu.edu, Tue Jul 27 14:06:41 EDT 1999 End_notes

The Working Group on Sea Level Rise and Wetland Systems (includes
Christian and Brinson). 1997. Conserving coastal wetlands despite sae
level rise. Eos 78:257, 260-261. Notes: submitted by rchristian, Tue Jun
30 13:34:59 EDT 1998 ::

Tolley, P.M. 1996. Effects of increased inundation and wrack
deposition on a saltmarsh plant community. MS thesis. East Carolina
University, Greenville, NC pp. 200. Keywords:salt marsh, disturbance,
sea-level rise, Phillips Creek:: Notes: submitted by rchristian, Wed May
14 09:04:12 EDT 1997 ::

Tolley, P. M., and R. R. Christian. (In Press) Effects of increased inundation and wrack 
deposition in a salt marsh: plant community response.  Estuaries

Tolliver, K.S., D.M. Colley and D.R. Young. 1995. Potential
inhibitory effects of Myrica cerifera on Pinus taeda. American
Midland Naturalist, in press.

Tolliver, K.S., D.M. Martin and D.R. Young. 1997. Freshwater and
saltwater flooding response for woody species common to barrier islands
swales. Wetlands 17:10-18. Keywords:barrier island, flooding response,
salinity, shrubs, swales, trees, water relations:: Notes: submitted by
dyoung, Thu Jun 5 10:02:45 EDT 1997 ::

Tyler, A.C. 1997. Geomorphological and hydrological controls on pattern 
and process in a developing barrier island salt marsh. MS thesis. 
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

Tyler, A.C., and J.C. Zieman. in press. Patterns of development in the 
creekbank region of a barrier island Spartina alterniflora marsh.  
Marine Ecology Progress Series.

Tyler, Anna C., 1997. Geomorphological and hydrological controls on pattern and 
process in a defeloping barrier island salt marsh.  M.S. Thesis, University of 
Virginia. Charlottesville VA, 173 pp.

Urban, D.L. and H.H. Shugart 1992. Individual-based models of forest
succession (pp. 249-293). In: D.C. Glenn-Lewin, R.KI. Peet and T.T.
Veblen (eds.), Plant Succession: Theory and Prediction. Chapman and
Hall, London

Urban, D.L., G.B. Bonan, T.M. Smith, H.H. Shugart. 1992. Spatial
Applications of Gap Models. Forest Ecology and Management 42:95-110.

Walsh, John P. 1998. Low marsh succession along an over-wash salt marsh 
chronosequence.  PhD. Dissertation.  University of Virginia. Charlottesville 
VA, 211 pp.

Weber, E.P. and F. Day 1993. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on
the phenology of roots in a barrier island dune ecosystem: a
minirhizotron analysis. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer. 74(2):481.

Weber, E.P. and F.P. Day. 1996. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on
the phenology of roots in a barrier island sand dune community. Plant
and Soil 182:139-148. Notes: submitted by fday, Mon Apr 14 08:16:32 EDT
1997 ::

Wijnholds, A.E. and D.R. Young. in press. Interdependence of the
actinomycete Frankia and the host plant Myrica cerifera in a coastal
environment. Journal of Coastal Research Notes= submitted by
dyoung@saturn.vcu.edu, Tue Jul 27 14:00:48 EDT 1999 End_notes

Woo, H. J. 1992. Distribution of formaninefera and pollen in coastal
depositional environments of the southern Delmarva peninsula, USA.
Ph.D. Dissertation. Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Va.

Woo, H.J., Culver, and Oertel, G.F., (1997), Benthic foraminiferal
communites of a barrier lagoon system, Virginia, U.S.A.  Journal of
Coastal Research 13:1192-120
Keywords:barrier lagoon:: Notes: submitted by goertel,
Wed Jun 11 12:35:34 EDT 1997 ::

Woo, H.J., Oertel, G.F., and Kearney, M.S. (1998)  Distribution of
pollen in a coastal lagoon of the southern Delmarva Peninsula, Virginia,
U.S.A.,  Journ. Palaeobotany and Palynology 102:289-303.

Wright, E.J. 1988. A History of the Eastern Shore from Articles
Published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of
London (1665-1850). Senior Thesis. University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Va.

Wu, K. W. and L. K. Blum. in review. Estuarine bacteria: important links
to higher trophic levels. Estuaries Notes: submitted by lblum, Mon Mar
31 08:27:17 EST 1997 ::

Young, D.R. 1992. Photosynthetic characteristics and potential
moisture stress for the actinorhizal shrub, myrica cerifera, on a
Virginia barrier island. Am. Jour. Botany 79: 2-7.

Young, D.R., D.L. Erickson and S.W. Semones. 1994. Salinity and
the small-scale distribution of three common shrubs on a Virginia
barrier island. Canadian Journal of Botany 72: 1365-1372.

Young, D.R., E. Sande and G.A. Peters 1992. Spatial relationships of
Frankia and Myrica cerifera on a Virginia, USA barrier island.
Symbiosis 12: 209-229.

Young, D.R., G. Shao and J.H. Porter. 1995. Spatial and temporal
growth dynamics of barrier island shrub thickets. American
Journal of Botany 82: 638-645.

Young, D.R., G. Shao and M.M. Brinson. 1995. The impact of the
October 1991 northeaster storm on barrier island shrub thickets
(Myrica cerifera). Journal of Coastal Research, in press.